Anion Gap
An Anion Gap Calculator is a clinical tool used to measure the difference between the positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) in a person's blood serum, plasma, or urine. It helps medical professionals evaluate and diagnose metabolic acidosis—a condition where there is an imbalance in the body's acid-base balance. The calculation is commonly used in emergency medicine and intensive care settings.
The anion gap is calculated using the following formula:
Anion Gap = [Na⁺] - ([Cl⁻] + [HCO₃⁻])
Where:
- [Na⁺] = Sodium (a major positively charged ion in the blood)
- [Cl⁻] = Chloride (a major negatively charged ion)
- [HCO₃⁻] = Bicarbonate (a negatively charged ion that acts as a buffer)
Anion Gap Calculator
Results:
Modified FG Score:
Where:
- \( [\text{Na}^+] \): Sodium concentration in mEq/L
- \( [\text{Cl}^-] \): Chloride concentration in mEq/L
- \( [\text{HCO}_3^-] \): Bicarbonate concentration in mEq/L
Description:
The Anion Gap is a calculated value used to identify the presence of unmeasured anions in the blood, which can help diagnose metabolic acidosis and other acid-base disorders.
Normal Range:
Typically between 8 and 12 mEq/L, depending on laboratory reference ranges.
Normal Anion Gap Range
- The normal anion gap range is typically 8 to 16 mEq/L (milliequivalents per liter), though this may vary slightly depending on the laboratory standards.
- A "corrected" anion gap may also consider the serum albumin levels, as hypoalbuminemia can affect the calculation. The correction formula is: Corrected Anion Gap = Observed Anion Gap + 2.5 × (4.0 - Serum Albumin in g/dL)
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